Advanced Embedded Training
By: Mr Janardhan Veeramreddy
Course Content
Advanced Embedded Training
Introduction to C
-
Why C in Embedded
- ANSI Standard
- Fundamentals of C
- Datatypes and Constants
- Simple & Formatted I/O
- Memory Usage
- Operators & Expressions
- Flow Control
- Loops
Functions
- Role of Functions
- Pass by value / reference
- Returning values from Functions
- Recursive Functions
- Call Back Functions
- Implications on Stack
- Library Vs User defined function
- Passing variable number of arguments
Arrays
- Defining, initializing and using arrays
- Multi Dimensional Arrays
- Arrays of Characters and Strings
- Arrays and Pointers
- Passing arrays to functions
- String handling with and without library functions
Storage Classes
- Scope and Life
- Automatic, Static, External, Register
- Memory(CPU / RAM)
Structures & Unions
- What structures are for
- Declaration, initialization
- Accessing like objects
- Nested Structures
- Array of Structures
- Passing structures through functions
- Allocation of memory and holes
- Structure Comparison
- Structure bit operation
- Typedef for portability
- Unions
- Overlapping members
Enumerated data types
- Enum, Indexing, enum Vs #define
Bit Operations
- AND ( & ), OR ( | ), XOR ( ^ )
- Compliment ( ~ )
- Left-Shift ( << ), Right Shift ( >> )
- Masking, Setting, Clearing and Testing of Bit / Bits
Pointers
- The purpose of pointers
- Defining pointers
- The & and * operators
- Pointer Assignment
- Pointer Arithmetic
- Multiple indirections
- Advanced pointer types
- Generic and Null Pointer
- Function Pointers
- Pointers to Arrays and Strings
- Array of Pointers
- Pointers to Structure and Union
- Pointers to Dynamic memory
- Far, Near and Huge Pointers
- Pointer Type Casting
Dynamic Memory Allocation
- Malloc(), Calloc(), Realloc(), Free()
- Farmalloc(), Farcalloc()
File Handling Concepts
- Concept of a FILE data type
- Inode, FILE structure
- File pointer
- Character handling routines
- Formatted Data Routines
- Raw data Routines
- Random Access to FILE
Command line Arguments
- Argc, argv
- Variable Inputs to the main
Compiler in Practical
- Preprocessor Directives
- Compiler, Assembler, Linker
- Conditional Compilation
- Multiple File Compilation
- Code Optimization techniques
- Volatile, #pragma
Data Structures
- Linear & non-linear
- Homogeneous & non-homogeneous
- Static & Dynamic
- Single, Double & Circular Linked Lists
- Stacks & Queues
- Binary Trees
Sorting and Searching Techniques
- Insertion, Selection, Bubble, Merge, Quick, Heap
Concepts and Real-time Exposure
- Development Tools and Environment
- Make Utility
- Industry Coding Standards
- Object / Executable File Format
- Debugger
Introduction
- Kernel Architecture
- Application
- Shell and Services
- System Calls
- Error Handling
Library
- Linker and Loader
- Static Dynamic Library
Process Management
- Process Control Block
- Process Creation and Exit
- Process Scheduling Policies
- Process Limits
- Process Priorities
- Foreground & Background Processes
- Race Condition
- Synchronization
- Copy-on-write
- Process time values
- Daemon Process
Interrupts
- Process Interrupt
- Raise of Signal
- Catching signal
- Signal action
File Management
- Files and File Attributes
- File Descriptor
- File I/O
- Duplicating File & File Descriptor
- File Control operations
- File types
- Protection
- Inode
Inter Process Communication & Synchronization
- Pipe
- Fifo
- Message Queue
- Shared Memory
- Client – Server properties
- Semaphore
Threads
- Creation
- Termination
- Synchronization
- Attributes
Memory Management
- Paging
- Reentrancy
- Segmentation
- Virtual Memory
- Memory Protection
- Memory Sharing
Shell Script
- Types of Shell
- Shell Variables
- Control Statements
- Looping
- Command Line Arguments
Networking and TCP/IP Applications
- Network Structure
- Classifications and Topologies
- Switching and Routing
- Gateway, repeater, Hub, Bridge
- OSI & TCP/IP Protocol Layers
- Physical & Logical Addresses
- ARP & RARP
- Internet Protocol
- Routing Protocol and IP Datagrams
- Error and Control Messages (ICMP) UDP
- Transfer Control Protocol
- TCP Networking Applications
- (FTP, TFTP,TELNET,DNS,DHCP,SNTP,POP3,IMAP,SNMP)
Socket Programming
- Overview
- Concurrent Processing
- Programming Interface
- Socket Interface
- Client / Server Design
- Concurrent Connection-Oriented Servers
- Socket Calls for TCP and UDP
- Single Process
- Concurrent Servers
- Remote Procedure Call
- Implementation of TFTP / SMTP
RTOS RT-LINUX
- RT- Linux
- Different types of Operating systems
- RTOS basics – Linux as Real Time
- RTOS Introduction (Hard Real Time, Soft Real time)
- Latency in Linux, Priority Inheritance
- Linux 2.6 features for realtime
- 2.6 Kernel Compilation
- RT LINUX patching
- Linux RTPREEMPT Patches
- Configuring the Kernel with RT-PATCH
- Implemantation of Real Time application
- Linux real-time API
- Measuring and camparing scheduling latency in standard Linux and in RT-Linux with the latest RT patches
- Porting RT-Linux on ARM and application development
- Overview
- Characteristics
- Function Overloading
- Scope Resolution Operator
- Classes in C++
- Access Specifiers
- Constructor, Destructor
- Static members, Functions
- Friend Classes, Friend Functions
- Operator Overloading
- Data Conversions
- Inheritance, Polymorphism
- Exception Handling, Templates
- Input and Output Streams
- Introduction
- Core Features
- Version History
- Data Flow Model
- Registers
- CPU Modes
- Memory Organization
- Interrupts
- Pipelining
- ARM Assembly Language Programming
- Addressing Modes
- ARM 7 Instruction Set (20/80% -rule of assembly language)
- Usage of Keil IDE
- Demonstrating ARM ISA
- Demonstrating THUMB ISA
- ARM Embedded C language Implementation
- Exposure to an ARM7 CPU Core Based Microcontroller
- LPC2114-ARM7 Based Microcontroller from Philips Semiconductors
- On-Chip System Peripherals
- Bus Structure (AMBA)
- Memory Map
- Phase Locked Loop
- VPB Driver
- Pin Connect Block
- On-ChipUser Peripherals
- General Purpose I/0 : Demo using switch & LED
- Vectored Interrupt Controller (VIC)
- External Interrupts : Demos
- MCU: LPC11C24
- CPU: ARM Cortex
- IDE: Keil MDK ARM
- RGB LED
- 7-Segment Display
- Matrix Keypad
- 16X2 LCD
- EEPROM
- PWM
- Interrupts
- Serial Communication
- Debugger: Simulator/ ULINK2
- RTOS: FreeRTOS
- Multitasking
- Task Management
- Semaphores
- Mutexes
- Message Queues
- Interrupt Service Routines
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